Isiphumo se-Photorefractive sisiseko sezicelo ze-holographic optical, kodwa kwakhona kuzisa iingxaki kwezinye izicelo zamehlo, ngoko ke ukuphucula ukuchasana kwe-photorefractive ye-lithium niobate crystal inikwe ingqalelo enkulu, phakathi kwayo ukulawulwa kwe-doping yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo.Ngokwahlukileyo kwi-doping ye-photorefractive, i-anti-photorefractive doping isebenzisa izinto ezine-valent engaguqukiyo ukunciphisa i-photorefractive center.Kwi-1980, kwaxelwa ukuba ukuchasana kwe-photorefractive yomlinganiselo ophezulu we-Mg-doped LN crystal yonyuka ngaphezu kwemiyalelo ye-2 yobukhulu, eyakhanga ingqalelo enkulu.Kwi-1990, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba i-zinc-doped LN ine-high photorefractive resistance efana ne-magnesium-doped LN.Kwiminyaka eliqela kamva, i-scandium-doped kunye ne-indium-doped LN yafunyanwa inokumelana ne-photorefractive nayo.

Ngo-2000, uXu et al.wafumanisa ukuba phezuluumlinganiselo Mg-dopedLNikristale kunye nokumelana eliphezulu photorefractive kwi band ebonakalayo hasukusebenza kakuhle photorefractive kwi UV band.Oku kufunyanisiweyo kugqabhuze ukuqonda kweiukuxhathisa photorefractive yeLNIkristale, kwaye iphinde yazalisa indawo engenanto yemathiriyeli yefotorefractive efakwe kwi-ultraviolet band.Ubude obufutshane bobude buthetha ukuba ubungakanani begrayiti yeholographic bunokuba buncinci kwaye bucoleke, kwaye inokususwa ngokuguquguqukayo kwaye ibhalwe kwigrayi ngokukhanya kweultraviolet, kwaye ifundwe ngokukhanya okubomvu kunye nokukhanya okuluhlaza, ukuze kuqondwe ukusetyenziswa kweholographic optics eguqukayo. .Lamarque et al.yamkelwe phezuluumlinganiselo Mg-dopedLN Ikristale ebonelelwa yiYunivesithi yaseNankai njenge-UV photorefractiveimpahlakunye nokumakishwa kwelaser enokucwangciswa kumacala amabini ngokusebenzisa amaza amabini adityaniswe nokukhulisa ukukhanya.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala, izinto ezichasene ne-photorefractive doping zibandakanya izinto ezihlukeneyo kunye ne-trivalent ezifana ne-magnesium, i-zinc, i-indium kunye ne-scandium.Kwi-2009, Kong et al.iphuhlise idoping echasene nefotorefractive usebenzisa i-tetraizinto valent ezifana hafnium, zirconium kunye netin.Xa kuzuzwa uxhathiso olufanayo lwe-photorefractive, xa kuthelekiswa ne-divalent kunye ne-trivalent doped element, isixa se-doping sezinto ze-tetradvalent zincinci, umzekelo, i-4.0 mol% hafnium kunye ne-6.0 mol% ye-magnesium dopedLNiikristale zine similarUkumelana nefotorefractive,2.0 mol% zirconium kunye ne-6.5 mol% magnesium dopedLNiikristale zine similarukuxhathisa photorefractive.Ngaphezu koko, i-coefficient yokwahlula kwe-hafnium, i-zirconium kunye ne-tin kwi-lithium niobate isondele kwi-1, ekulungele ngakumbi ukulungiswa kweekristali eziphezulu.

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